通过纯矿物试验研究油酸钠为捕收剂体系中异极矿的浮选行为.结果表明:当油酸钠用量为3×10-4mol/L、pH值为4-8和11时,异极矿浮选回收率均在80％左右.Zeta电位及红外光谱测试结果表明:油酸钠在异极矿表面主要发生化学吸附,同时也可能存在物理吸附.根据油酸钠溶液和锌离子水解组分含量化学计算,当pH值为4～8时,油酸钠溶液的优势组分为RCOO-和(RCOO)22-;而异极矿表面锌离子主要以Zn2+和少量ZnOH+形式存在.结合异极矿在油酸钠捕收剂体系中的浮选行为,油酸钠在异极矿表面的相互作用原理是异极矿表面Zn2+和羟基络合物Zn(OH)+成为浮选的活性质点,能与油酸钠作用形成油酸盐,从而使异极矿疏水上浮;RCOOH(ap)分子和离子-分子缔合物RCOOH·RCOO-的物理吸附也可能存在;而在pH为11时矿物可浮性较好,可能是油酸根离子与矿物表面的形成Zn(OH)2发生离子交换.
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