通过发散法合成了以N-(2-胺乙基)哌嗪为核的端胺基树状聚合物聚酰胺胺(PAMAM),并以此为水相单体与均苯三甲酰氯发生界面聚合反应制备了高脱盐率纳滤膜.采用傅里叶转换红外光谱(FTIR-ATR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等手段研究膜表面化学组成的变化,扫描电镜(SEM),原子力显微镜(AFM)观察膜的结构与形貌,接触角测定仪评价膜的亲水性.结果表明,使用高代数PAMAM、增大PAM-AM浓度、延长反应时间均促使膜的致密度增加,脱盐卒增大.使用浓度为4.46×10-3mol/L第二代PAM-AM溶液为反应物制备的纳滤膜对Na2SO4、MgCl2、MgSO4的脱除率分别达到93.0%,92.3%和91.4%.值得注意的是,PAMAM浓度的增加导致酰氯基由过量到相对不足,最终所制备的纳滤膜对NaCl、Na2SO4、MgCl2和MgSO4等4种盐的脱盐顺序也发生相应变化,主要体现在MgCl2的脱除率由低于Na2SO4和MgSO4变化到高于这两种盐最后三者的脱除率趋于近似相等,均>90%.
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