为了改善超高强钢的塑韧性,采用轧后直接淬火到马氏体区等温配分的工艺,研究配分时间对中碳低合金超高强钢组织和力学性能的影响规律.结果表明:在260℃等温配分处理,钢的组织包括初生马氏体、新生马氏体和残留奥氏体,在等温过程中还有碳化物析出和等温马氏体形成.在等温配分过程中,碳由马氏体向奥氏体扩散处于主导地位,残留奥氏体含量不断增加,新生马氏体量减少,塑性和韧性提高.等温配分后期,由于碳化物不断析出消耗碳原子,导致扩散到奥氏体中的碳原子减少,残留奥氏体体积分数增加缓慢.析出相粒子在等温过程中没有明显长大,起到了抵抗马氏体软化的作用.等温60 min具有良好的强度和塑韧性能,抗拉强度1546 MPa、伸长率为15.3％,-20℃冲击功为27.5 J.
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