研究了一种适用于钢铁涂装前的锆酸盐转化处理工艺，通过单因素试验确定最优转化工艺条件为：45%H2ZrF66.0~7.0 mL/L， A液(20%三元酸和三乙醇胺盐的水溶液)7.0 mL/L，CaCO31.0 g/L，pH 3.5，室温，时间5 min。采用该工艺制得的转化膜为蓝色，表面整体均匀、微观上凹凸不平，膜重为4.3268 g/m2，耐3%NaCl溶液浸泡时间为130 min，附着力为0级，冲击强度为50 kg·cm，综合性能优于传统磷化膜。该转化液不含重金属、亚硝酸盐等有害物质，适用于各种钢铁涂装前处理。
A fluorozirconic acid conversion process suitable for steels before painting was studied. The optimal conversion process conditions were determined by single factor experiment as follows:45%H2ZrF6 6.0-7.0 mL/L, solution A (aqueous solution containing 20%ternary acid and triethanolamine salt) 7.0 mL/L, CaCO3 1.0 g/L, pH 3.5, room temperature, and time 5 min. The conversion film prepared by the given process is blue, integrally uniform, and microscopically uneven, with a film weight 4.326 8 g/m2, an enduring immersion time in NaCl solution 130 min, a 0-grade adhesion, and an impact strength 50 kg·cm, showing better comprehensive performance than traditional phosphating film. The conversion solution of the given process is heavy metal-and nitrite-free, suitable for pretreatment of steels prior to various painting processes.
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