本文用电化学氢渗透法,研究了钝化膜、极化电位及介质中pH值对氢在稳定奥氏体不锈钢中渗透行为的影响。测定了氢在310奥氏体不锈钢中25℃时的扩散系数为(1.2±0.1)×10~(-8)cm~2/sec;估算了氢在钝化膜中的扩系散数约为10~(-8)cm~2/sec数量级。随着介质中pH值的降低,氢渗透的饱和电流增加。不仅阴极极化可增加氢渗透的饱和电流;当电位超过点蚀击穿电位后,阳极极化也可增加氢渗透的饱和电流。充氢后试样在0.1NH_2SO_4溶液中的阳极极化曲线显著地向右移动;充氢后的固溶处理试祥,也具有明显的晶间腐蚀倾向。
Electrochemical method was used to study the effects of the passive film, polarization potential and the pH value of the solution on the permeation behavior of hydrogen in a stable austenitic stainless steel 310. The diffusion coefficient of hydrogen at 25℃ in this steel was determined to be(1.2+0.1)×10~-8cm~2/sec,and that of the passive film was estimated to be about 10~(-17)cm~2/sec. The saturated hydrogen permeation current increased with the decrease of the pH value of the solution; it also increased not only with the increase of cathodic polarization potential, but also with the increase of anodic polarization potential if it is above the breakdown potential of the passive film. The anodic polarization curves of the hydrogen charged specimens in 0.1N H_2SO_4 solution were shifted to the right, i. e., hydrogen increases the anodic reactivity of the austenitic stainless steel. Furthermore, hydrogen charged solution treated specimens exhibited a tendency toward intergranular corrosion.
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