以间苯二酚(R)、甲醛(F)为原料,(R/F)摩尔比为1:2,通过掺杂一定量的硝酸铁或硝酸镍以改善碳气凝胶的结构与性能.用BET,XRD和SEM对碳气凝胶结构进行表征,结果显示样品同传统碳酸钠作为催化剂所得层状形貌结构有明显不同,样品中均含有球状颗粒,且掺杂硝酸铁的样品表面更粗糙,掺杂Ni~(2+) 所得碳气凝胶的比表面积高达441.8 m~2/g.电化学测试结果表明,掺杂Ni~(2+) 样品的比电容数值比掺杂Fe~(3+) 样品的和传统碳酸钠为催化剂所得碳气凝胶的来得更高,可达227.3F/g,其电化学性能较优.
Carbon aerogels were prepared from the sol-gel polymerisation of resorcinol (R) and formaldehyde (F) with a molar ratio of 1:2. During the synthesis of the gel, Fe~(3+) and Ni~(2+) with specific concentration were added to the initial solution in order to improve its structure and performance. The obtained carbon aerogels have been investigated by BET, XRD, and scanning electron microscopy (SFM). Results show that the mor-phologies of as - prepared carbon aerogels synthesized with Fe~(3+) and Ni~(2+) are different from those of the car-bon aerogels catalyzed by sodium carbonate. They both consist of well - pronounced spherical carbon parti-cles. The out surface of carbon aerogels synthesized with Fe~(3+) is coarser by comparison. The specific surface area of carbon aerogels doped with nickel ion is 441.8 m~2/g. The electrochemical properties were also tested. Results show that the specific capacitance of carbon aerogels doped with Ni~(2+) is higher than that of carbon aer-ogels doped with Fe~(3+) and the pure carbon aerogels. Its specific capacitance can reach 227.3F/g, which shows better electrochemical capability.
参考文献
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