利用大载荷热重分析仪、质谱仪、碳分析仪、SEM和XRD测定不同还原条件下钛铁矿(FeTiO 3)气基还原产物的质量损失率、钛和镁元素分布、微观结构及物相组成,研究富氢气体还原钛铁矿过程中各气体组分间的耦合作用机制。结果表明:在氢气还原过程中金属铁在颗粒外层聚集,并伴随着钛和镁两种元素的聚集形成致密层;富氢气体还原则不形成相应的致密层,金属铁以细小颗粒状较均匀地分布在颗粒内部,钛和镁也较为均匀地分散在整个颗粒内部。此外,富氢气体中的CO能在金属铁的表面形成一定量的表面碳,并能将H 2 O分子重新还原为氢气,从而提高了氢气在还原过程中的利用率。
Thermogravimetric analyzer, mass spectrometer, carbon analyzer, SEM and XRD were utilized to study the reduction product of ilmenite (FeTiO3). The mass loss, distribution of titanium and magnesium, micromorphology and phase transitions were investigated. The coupling reaction between different components of hydrogen-rich gas was also discussed. The results show that a dense layer forms inside ilmenite particle with the beneficiation of metal iron, titanium, and magnesium in the hydrogen reduction process. Unlike the hydrogen direct reduction, the dense layer can not form in the hydrogen-rich gaseous reduction. The metal iron in the form of granule type distributes evenly in the body of the particle, and titanium and magnesium also distribute in all particles. In addition, the CO in hydrogen-rich gas can be dissociated on the surface of metal iron which plays the role of catalyst. The surface carbon which is formed by the dissociation of CO can reduce H2O molecule again, so that the utilization of hydrogen can be elevated.
参考文献
[1] | 杨绍利;盛继孚.钛铁矿熔炼钛渣与生铁技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2006 |
[2] | 王立平,王镐,高颀,李献军,陈战乾,窦永庆.我国钛资源分布和生产现状[J].稀有金属,2004(01):265-267. |
[3] | 莫畏;邓国珠;罗方承.钛冶金[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1998:118. |
[4] | 郭宇峰 .钒钛磁铁矿固态还原强化及综合利用研究[D].中南大学,2007. |
[5] | BECHER R;CANNINA R G;GOODHEART B A;UUSNA S.A new process for upgrading ilmenite mineral sands[A].Canberra,1965:21-44. |
[6] | Shenghui Guo;Wei Li;Jinhui Peng .Microwave-absorbing characteristics of mixtures of different carbonaceous reducing agents and oxidized ilmenite[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2009(3/4):289-293. |
[7] | 郭胜惠,陈菓,彭金辉,陈晋,李东波,刘利军.微波辅助磨碎钛铁矿[J].中国有色金属学报(英文版),2011(09):2122-2126. |
[8] | Guo Chen;Kun Xiong;Jinhui Peng .Optimization of combined mechanical activation-roasting parameters of titania slag using response surface methodology[J].Advanced Powder Technology: The internation Journal of the Society of Powder Technology, Japan,2010(3):331-335. |
[9] | XIONGGANG LU;CHONGHE LI;QINGDONG ZHONG .Green Electrochemical Process Solid-Oxide Oxygen-Ion-Conducting Membrane (SOM): Direct Extraction of Ti-Fe Alloys from Natural Ilmenite[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions, B. Process metallurgy and materials processing science,2012(3):503-512. |
[10] | Pineau A;Kanari N;Gaballah I .Kinetics of reduction of iron oxides by H-2 - Part I: Low temperature reduction of hematite[J].Thermochimica Acta: An International Journal Concerned with the Broader Aspects of Thermochemistry and Its Applications to Chemical Problems,2006(1):89-100. |
[11] | W.K. Jozwiak;E. Kaczmarek;T.P. Maniecki;W. Ignaczak;W. Maniukiewicz .Reduction behavior of iron oxides in hydrogen and carbon monoxide atmospheres[J].Applied Catalysis, A. General: An International Journal Devoted to Catalytic Science and Its Applications,2007(1):17-27. |
[12] | LEWIS J S;LEWIS R A.Space resources,breaking the bonds of earth[M].New York:Columbia University Press,1987:26-37. |
[13] | ZHAO Y;SHADMAN F .Kinetics and mechanism of ilmenite reduction with carbon monoxide[J].AICHE Journal,1990,36(09):1433-1438. |
[14] | ZHAO Y;SHADMAN F .Reduction of ilmenite with hydrogen[J].Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,1991,30(09):2080-2087. |
[15] | P.L. VIJAY;RAMANI VENUGOPALAN;D. SATHIYAMOORTHY .Preoxidation and Hydrogen Reduction of Ilmenite in a Fluidized Bed Reactor[J].Metallurgical Transactions.B.Process Metallurgy,1996(5):731-738. |
[16] | SUN K .Mathematical simulation on oxidation of ilmenite of ilmenite in fluidized bed[J].RARE METALS,1996,15(01):51-58. |
[17] | SUN K .Mossbauer spectrum study on hydrogen reduction of preoxidized ilmenite[J].RARE METALS,1997,16(01):59-62. |
[18] | Hongwei Cheng;Xionggang Lu;Yuwen Zhang;Weizhong Ding .Hydrogen Production by Reforming of Simulated Hot Coke Oven Gas over Nickel Catalysts Promoted with Lanthanum and Cerium in a Membrane Reactor[J].Energy & Fuels,2009(3):3119-3125. |
[19] | EL-GEASSY A A .Gaseous reduction of Fe 2 O 3 compacts at 600 to 1 050 ℃[J].Journal of Materials Science,1986,21:3889-3900. |
[20] | Bromfield TC;Ferre DC;Niemantsverdriet JW .A DFT study of the adsorption and dissociation of CO on Fe(100): Influence of surface coverage on the nature of accessible adsorption states[J].Chemphyschem: A European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry,2005(2):254-260. |
[21] | Jiang DE;Carter EA .Adsorption and dissociation of CO on Fe(110) from first principles[J].Surface Science: A Journal Devoted to the Physics and Chemistry of Interfaces,2004(3):167-177. |
- 下载量()
- 访问量()
- 您的评分:
-
10%
-
20%
-
30%
-
40%
-
50%