采用沉积-沉淀法制备了活性组成可控的镍铁系列催化剂,以CO/H2为碳源,在600 ℃下进行了纳米碳纤维的催化生长,考察了催化剂活性组成变化对纳米碳纤维产率和微结构的影响.结果表明,镍铁系列催化剂具有较好的催化活性,在反应36 h内没有失活,催化剂中Fe的存在有利于提高纳米碳纤维的产率.表征结果表明,纳米碳纤维的直径分布较为均匀,在20～50 nm之间,比表面积为130～200 m2/g; 纳米碳纤维中石墨层与轴之间夹角随催化剂中Fe含量的增大而增大; TPO结果表明,Fe的存在提高了纳米碳纤维的石墨化程度.结合纳米碳纤维的生长机理,认为活性组成的变化影响了CO与催化剂表面的反应和碳在金属中的扩散,进而影响纳米碳纤维的产率和微结构.
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