以硫酸铜为铜源,水合肼为还原剂,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为保护剂,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为分散剂,采用液相化学还原法制备纳米铜溶胶.通过单因素法考察了体系的反应温度、PVP用量、CTAB用量和水合肼浓度等对纳米铜溶胶合成的影响,获得制备高分散稳定纳米铜溶胶的适宜条件.纳米铜溶胶通过紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)和透射电镜(TEM)表征,而铜纳米粒子(CuNPs)则通过红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)和热分析(TG)检测.研究结果表明:纳米铜溶胶具有较高的稳定性；CuNPs的粒径分布为10～30 nm,其表面吸附有少量的保护剂PVP,有利于防止CuNPs的团聚及氧化,使其具有良好的分散性.
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