为了研究金属离子对共混炭化制备介孔炭纤维的影响，在共混电纺丝的基础上一步碳化制备介孔炭纤维。使用差热分析仪、傅利叶红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜、表面孔隙分析仪对共混纤维和介孔炭纤维进行了分析。结果表明，在共混纤维中PAN和PVB组分是相分离的。当加入微量的Sn^2＋离子后，PAN和PVB相行为发生很大变化。Sn^2＋抖离子一方面改善了PAN和PVB在溶剂中的相溶性，使纤维直径变粗和均匀；另一方面起到催化剂作用，减小了两相之间的阻碍，使分解和碳化过程更容易进行。含Sn^2＋离子的共混纤维碳化后展现出良好的形貌和结构参数。两相的质量比对表面积、孔容和孔径等结构参数也有显著影响，PAN／PVB质量比为6／4时，表面积、孔容和平均孔径分别为140．7m^2／g,0．26mL／g和7．3nm．
In order to the effect of metal ion on preparation of mesoporous carbon fiber by blending and carbonization, mesoporous carbon fibers were produced by electrospinning blend of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polyvinyl butyral (PVB) with and without Sn^2+ in this paper. The blending fibers and porous carbon fibers were analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT IR), surface porosity analyzer. The results showed that PAN and PVB in blending fibers was phase separation. And the phase behavior of PAN and PVB took place to change obviously after Sn2+ was added. Sn^2+ not only improved compatibility between PAN and PVB in DMF, making fibers thick and even, but also acted as catalyzer, reducing obstacle of decomposition and carbonization between two phases. The mesoporous carbon fibers derived from blend fiber with Sn2^+ showed better morphology and structure. At the 6/4 mass ratio of PAN/PVB, surface area, pore volume, mean pore size were 140.7m^2/g, 0.26mL/g and 7.3nm, respectively. The mass ratio between two phases also has important influence on surface structure.
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