分别采用无压浸渗、气压浸渗、内氧化技术制备了高导热Al/SiC、Al/C、Cu/Al2O3复合材料.研究了增强相和界面对这三种复合材料的热导率和热膨胀系数的影响,并对这些性能进行了理论分析和数值模拟.当颗粒尺寸与界面层厚度之比固定时,颗粒尺寸对Al/SiC复合材料热导率影响很小,但界面热导率对其影响很大;Al/SiC复合材料的CTE随温度的升高而增加,随SiO2层厚度的增加而减小;碳纤维中混杂3%SiC颗粒有利于改善纤维的分布,降低Al/C复合材料的缺陷,并提高其热导率;压力加工增加了Cu/Al2O3的致密度,也提高了其热导率;可用Schapery和Kerner模型计算复合材料的热膨胀系数,用Hasselman-Johnson模型计算热导率.
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