针对传统个体防护材料刚硬、限制人体活动的缺点,设计了2种柔性复合材料:剪切增稠液(STF)和硅橡胶填充经编间隔织物(WKSF)柔性复合材料,并对其冲击性能进行研究.WKSF具有上、下两个表层和间隔丝构成的间隔层,在其间隔层中加入STF和硅橡胶2种柔性材料.STF采用将纳米SiO2分散于聚乙二醇(PEG)中制成,硅橡胶采用硅胶和固化剂混合而成.采用流变仪对STF的流变性能进行测试,采用Instron落锤冲击仪对WKSF及其复合材料的冲击性能进行测试.实验表明:STF在达到临界剪切速率后出现剪切增稠现象,纯织物的冲击过程可分为弹性、平台和压实3个阶段,且具有明显的平台阶段;经填充后所制成的2种复合材料的冲击过程与纯织物明显不同,其载荷-位移曲线呈线性;加入硅橡胶的复合材料刚度较大,没有应变率效应;加入STF的复合材料具有较好的能量吸收性能和明显的应变率效应.
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