用 NaOH 作腐蚀剂，添加辅助盐、表面活性剂、配位剂和缓蚀剂，研制了一种高效稳定的 NdFeB 表面镀铝膜退镀液。以NdFeB试样表面的铝含量和基体失重量作为性能评定指标，通过正交试验确定了优化的退镀液配方为：NaOH 10 g/L，Na2CO330 g/L，十二烷基苯磺酸钠6 g/L，EDTA-2Na 4 g/L，六次甲基四胺4 g/L。优化的退镀液在室温条件下退镀3 min，即可把NdFeB基体上约12μm厚的铝膜退除干净，而且退镀后基体的剩磁、矫顽力和最大磁能积仅分别变化1.27%、1.25%和0.47%，磁性能损伤较小。探讨了NdFeB表面镀铝膜层的退镀机理。
A highly efficient and stable solution for stripping aluminum coating from the surface of NdFeB magnet was developed based on NaOH as corrosion agent with auxiliary salt, surfactant, coordination agent, and corrosion inhibitor. The content of aluminum coating on surface of NdFeB and the weight loss of substrate were used as performance evaluation indexes. The optimal stripping process was determined by orthogonal test as follows: NaOH 10 g/L, Na2CO330 g/L, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 6 g/L, EDTA-2Na 4 g/L, and hexamethylenetetramine 4 g/L. A 12-μm thick aluminum coating on surface of NdFeB substrate can be stripped completely by using the optimized stripping solution at room temperature for 3 min. After stripping, the remanence, coercive force, and maximum magnetic energy product of the substrate are changed only by 1.27%, 1.25%, and 0.47%, respectively. The stripping shows less damage to magnetic properties. The mechanism of stripping aluminum coating on NdFeB surface was discussed.
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