对经不同深冷处理工艺的Cr8型冷作模具钢SDC99进行了硬度、冲击韧性、摩擦磨损性能测试,并用SEM、XRD、TEM分析了其相组成及显微组织.结果表明,深冷处理使SDC99钢硬度提高,冲击韧性降低,耐磨性提高,1030℃淬火+210℃×2 h回火+(-196℃×24h)深冷处理+210℃×2h回火可使SDC99钢获得最优的综合使用性能,其磨损体积较常规热处理工艺减少23.6％.SDC99钢性能提升的主要原因是深冷处理使亚稳态的块状残留奥氏体转变为马氏体及薄膜状残留奥氏体,深冷处理后残留奥氏体体积分数由常规热处理的17.2％下降至5.5％ ～10.5％,但并未完全转变.薄膜状残留奥氏体分布于孪晶马氏体及二次碳化物的边界处,松弛应力集中,防止微裂纹的产生,因而改善了材料的综合性能.
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