用金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪、透射电镜、磁强计等技术结合拉伸试验,研究了气相充氢与拉伸形变对三种奥氏体稳定性不同的Fe-Cr-Ni-Mn-N不锈钢马氏体转变和力学性能的影响,取得了一些定量的数据.结果表明,拉伸形变促进ε和α’马氏体在奥氏体不稳定的钢中的生成,而氢的存在能促进ε马氏体转变但抑制α’的产生.奥氏体不稳定的Fe-Cr-Ni-Mn-N钢比奥氏体稳定的同类钢抗氢脆能力差得多,这与ε马氏体的出现有关.
Effects of high temperature gas charging of hydrogen and tensile de-formation on the martensite transformation and mechanical properties of three Fe-Cr-Ni-Mn-N steels with various stabilities of austenite resulted from the differenceof compositions have been investigated by means of optical metallography, X-raydiffraction, TEM technique and magnetic determination combined with tensile tests.The results show that tensile deformation promotes the formation of ε- and α'-martensite in the steels in which the austenite is not stable enough. However theexisting of hydrogen enhances the γ→ε transformation but suppresses the formationof α'- phase. It is considered that the formation of ε- martensite is the main rea-son of the hydrogen susceptibility of unstable austenitic steels.
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