采用离子交换法将不同含量的十六烷基三丁基季鳞阳离子交换到蒙脱土的层间得到改性蒙脱土,并对其结构和性能进行了表征.热重分析(TGA)结果表明改性蒙脱土中季鳞阳离子的热分解起始温度都大于220℃,具有良好的热稳定性.通过X-射线衍射法(XRD)分析发现改性蒙脱土的层间距随着季鳞阳离子含量的增加而增加.扫描电镜观察结果发现:钠基蒙脱土为片状结构,粒子之间相互缠绕在一起;而改性蒙脱土的表面则显示出不规则的形状.随着改性蒙脱土中季鳞阳离子含量的增加,其抗菌活性逐渐增强.季鳞阳离子含量为22.61%(质量分数)的QPC-MMT2样品,其对E.coli和S.aureus的最低抑菌浓度(MICs)分别为1000 mg·L-1和30 mg·L-1,显示出良好的抗菌效果.
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