对6 mm厚5052铝合金中厚板进行搅拌摩擦焊,分析了搅拌头转速和焊接速度对接头宏观形貌、拉伸性能和硬度的影响,并观察了拉伸断口形貌.结果表明:当搅拌头转速为800～1 600 r·min-1及焊接速度为80～560mm·min-1时均可以获得无缺陷和力学性能良好的接头;搅拌头转速过低时,易出现“隧道”型缺陷;随搅拌头转速增大或焊接速度降低,焊核区面积逐渐减小,“洋葱环”间距逐渐增大;焊核区由细小的等轴晶粒组成,平均晶粒尺寸约为5μm,约为母材的1/10;焊接工艺参数对接头力学性能的影响不显著,在工艺范围内其接头强度均可达到母材的90％以上,显微硬度则达88％以上;断口源于接头背面的原始焊接界面,沿原始界面断裂,终于接头返回侧,呈典型的切断断口形貌.
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