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为研究钢轨万能轧制过程中轨头、轨底与轨腰断面之间的金属横向流动规律，根据金属横向流动体积与延伸系数的关系，基于钢轨轧制前后体积不变条件推导出轨头、轨底与轨腰之间金属横向体积流动率数学模型。解析计算结果表明：轨头流向轨腰的金属体积流动率与相应轨头综合变形影响因子呈反比关系，与相应轨底综合变形影响因子成正比关系；轨底流向轨腰的金属体积流动率分别与相应轨底综合变形影响因子呈反比关系，与轨头综合变形影响因子呈正比关系；压下系数对轨头及轨底流向轨腰的金属体积流动率的影响比宽展系数大得多。为验证理论模型，完成了钢轨的万能热轧实验，实测了不同轧制规程时钢轨各部分轧制前后断面形状以及体积变化，并与理论计算结果进行了比较。理论计算结果与实验结果误差不超过±16％，可用于钢轨万能轧制实践。

For studying the metal flow mechanism along the lateral direction in rail universal rolling, according to the relationship between the metal flow volume and the elongation coefficient of different parts of rail, the volume ratio of metal lateral flow between the base of rail, the head of rail and the waist of rail were derived on the base of the law of volume constancy. It is concluded from the analyzing results that the flow ratio of volume between the head of rail and the waist of rail is proportional to the integrated deformation factor for the head of rail, and it is inversely proportional to the integrated deformation factor for the base of rail. So does the flow ratio of volume between the base of rail and the waist of rail. Moreover, the reduction coefficient influences the flow ratio of volume more remarkably than the spread coefficient. For verifying the theoretical model, the universal rolling experiments were accomplished and the volume of outgoing workpiece subject to different rolling technology was measured. Compared with the experimental results, the prediction error of theoretical model is less than ±16%. So, it is reliable and feasible to preset the rolling technology rationally according to this theoretical model.