用切削力来评价材料的切削加工性能时,由于惧怕刀具磨损造成切削力变化影响了材质切削性能评价的准确性,往往不断地更换刀具(机夹式车刀更换刀片,或整体焊接车刀的更换),但刀具的更换对切削力的影响未得到人们的关注.本文用一种均质材料试样为切削对象,在实验证明刀具的磨损可忽略不计的条件下,采用同一种切削参数,考查机夹式车刀的刀片重装、刀片更换和整体机夹式车刀(模拟焊接车刀)重装对主切削力的影响.结果表明,刀片重装和更换造成的切削力变化均小于2％;整体机夹式车刀的重装造成的切削力变化高达约11％;刀片和整体机夹式车刀的重装,造成刀片在竖直方向和水平方向微小转动,但转动角度与切削力变化量无对应关系.用切削力评价材料的加工性能时,应采用机夹式车刀,可更换刀片,但刀杆需采用一次性装夹.
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