为了避免传统乳化剂在丙烯酸酯乳胶膜中残留导致产品光泽性和耐水性变差以及对环境污染的弊端,利用六甲基二硅胺烷(HMDS)对亲水性纳米SiO2进行改性,使其亲水亲油性相当,从而代替聚丙烯酸酯合成过程中所使用的传统乳化剂,通过Pickering乳液聚合法制备了聚丙烯酸酯/Nano-SiO2杂化的高分子纳米复合材料.采用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR),粒径和Zeta电位测试,力学性能、吸水性测试,TEM、XRD以及热重分析对复合乳液及乳胶膜的结构与性能进行了表征.结果表明:疏水改性后的纳米SiO2能够取代传统乳化剂稳定乳液,且随着SiO2含量从0增加至2.0％,乳化能力不断增强,复合乳液平均粒径由526.5 nm降低至352.7 nm;复合材料的起始分解温度从331.7℃增加到343.6℃,拉伸强度从8.39 MPa增加至21.68 MPa,断裂伸长率从103.12％降低至50.54％,吸水率从16.884％下降至9.017％;复合材料的热稳定性、力学性能和耐水性等综合性能得到一定提高.
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