向Fe-25Mn-3Si-3Al TWIP钢中添加0.35％的Nb,提高钢中C元素含量至0.1％,并配合适当热处理工艺以提高TWIP钢的屈服强度.结果表明:改进后的Fe-25Mn-3Si-3Al-0.3Nb-0.1C钢的屈服强度由原来的320 MPa提高至445 MPa,均匀伸长率则由65％降低至55％.Nb元素的添加会强烈阻碍TWIP钢的再结晶晶粒的长大,显著细化TWIP钢的奥氏体晶粒,并且添加的Nb、C元素经退火处理后主要以纳米级NbC沉淀相的形式弥散分布于奥氏体基体上,这些细小的沉淀相将通过Orowan机制进一步提高TWIP钢的强度.此外,Nb、C元素的添加并未显著改变室温下Fe-25 Mn-3Si-3Al TWIP钢的塑性变形机制,应变诱发孪晶仍然是Fe-25 Mn-3 Si-3 Al-O.3 Nb-0.1C钢的主要变形机制,奥氏体基体仍然维持着较低的层错能.通过细晶强化和沉淀强化的双重作用显著提高Fe-25 Mn-3Si-3Al TWIP钢的强度,同时奥氏体基体的TWIP效应保证了改进后的TWIP钢仍具有良好的塑性.
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