采用XRD、SEM和DSC等手段对Sr、Ca复合添加后的AZ31镁合金中合金相的类别进行了鉴别.结果表明,Ca与Mg元素在基体中形成了Mg2Ca合金相,并不是形成生成焓更低的Al2Ca.随着Ca含量的增加,基体中Mg2Ca合金相的含量增加,当Ca含量增加至0.6％(质量分数)时,基体中出现了带状析出相,并且在Mg2Ca合金相中发现了Sr元素的存在.利用合金相形核理论论证了基体中出现Mg2Ca而不是Al2Ca的原因,计算结果表明虽然Al2Ca的生成焓比较低,但是形核时产生的化学自由能变较大.且Al2Ca合金相的弹性模量与镁基体差异太大,其形核所产生的弹性应变能比Mg2Ca大,所以阻碍了Al2Ca在AZ31基体中形成.
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