材料期刊网

本文以立方晶系中{100}型蚀坑为例,详细讨论了三种典型晶面(h00),(hk0)和(hkl)上出现的各类蚀坑的形成条件。给出了同类蚀坑几何多样性的判据,从而揭示了实际观察到的蚀坑几何多样性的根源。文中并提出了(hkl)面上蚀坑的复原及推演图解法。

The forming conditions and characteristics of{100}etch figures appeared in the typical planes(h00),(hk0)and(hkl)of metals with cubic lattices were discussed in detail. Based on the discussed results, the criterions for the variety of etch pits with the same crystalline parameters were given, according to which the origin of variety of etch figures was shown as the natural results of their forming conditions, mainly, the ratio of attacked speeds between the sample and facets of etch pits C=v_0/v, where v_0 and v is the attacked speed of specimen surface and etch pit facets, respectively. The experiments showed that v_0=const. during etching process, but v decreases deceleratively. It has been found that for rectangular etch pits appeared in(hk0)plane, the critical values are C_1=(cosω-sinω)and C_2=(cosω+sinω), where ω-angle between(hk0)and(010). If v_0/vC_2, then there is no any pit can be formed on the specimen surface. For triangular etch pits appeared in(hkl)planes the critical values are: C_1=(1-l)(h+k+l)/(h~2+k~2+L~2)~(1/2), C_2=(1-k)(h+k+L)/(h~2+k~2+l~2)~(1/2), C_3=(1-h)(h+k+l)/(h~2+k~2+l~2)~(1/2) and C_4= (h+k+l)/(h~2+k~2+l~2)~(1/2), while v_0/vC_4, then there is no pit can be formed on the specimen surface. A graphical method for determining the referred cube and the variation of corresponding etch pits on given(hkl)plane was proposed.