通过金相显微镜和透射电镜分析研究了退火态TWIP钢的微观结构特征.结果表明,经过600 ℃退火10 min后钢中存在冷轧的纳米级变形孪晶及少量位错;分别在700、800、900和1000℃退火10 min后,发现退火温度决定了退火孪晶的尺寸:随退火温度升高,退火孪晶尺寸增大.退火孪晶仅有少量在再结晶过程中产生,而大量的退火孪晶在再结晶结束后的晶粒长大过程中生成并长大.退火孪晶尺寸的大小影响了TWIP钢的力学性能,孪晶尺寸为2～5 μm时,试验钢表现出高强度,此时抗拉强度可达840 MPa;孪晶尺寸为30～50 μm时,试验钢表现出高的伸长率,可达到84.0%,表现出充分的TWIP效应.
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