采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、显微硬度计及电化学工作站等设备,研究了固溶处理对Mg-2Dy-0.5Zn(at％)合金显微组织及腐蚀性能的影响.结果表明,铸态合金的显微组织由α-Mg枝晶和分布在枝晶间的析出相组成,其中析出相由片层状Mg12ZnDy相、蜂窝状Mg8ZnDy相和少量立方体颗粒状Mg24Dy5相组成.随着固溶温度(500 ～540℃)和固溶时间(0～ 12 h)的增加,合金的析出相逐渐溶解,同时有少量颗粒状的(Mg,Zn)xDy相沿晶界析出.合金在530℃固溶8h,析出相几乎完全固溶到α-Mg基体中,合金基体的显微硬度增加,其值达到74.74 HV0.1.此外,电化学测试结果表明,固溶态(530℃固溶8h)合金显示出优异的耐蚀性能,其腐蚀电流和腐蚀电位分别为8.650×10-4A和-1.159 V.该优异的耐蚀性主要来自于合金元素的均匀分布,低的析出相体积分数和细小的晶粒尺寸.
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