以叔丁醇/蒸馏水(TBA/H2O)结晶体为模板,用冷冻干燥法制备出片层孔及圆形孔的两种孔型氧化铝支架材料,利用SEM观察支架形貌,测试了其生物性能,系统研究浆料溶剂组分含量、冷冻温度对支架材料形貌影响,探讨支架孔结构对成骨细胞附着的影响.结果表明:纯水浆料的多孔陶瓷支架形貌为片层状;加入叔丁醇后,片层间距减少;浆料中叔丁醇含量为90wt％时,孔道呈片层孔及圆形孔的双孔状;纯叔丁醇浆料的陶瓷支架形貌为圆形孔.双孔形貌支架的开孔孔隙率及总孔隙率最高,分别为78.5％和81.8％.孔径随冷冻温度的降低而减小.体外模拟实验表明:片层孔及圆形孔的双孔支架材料有利于细胞在其表面生长,材料表面细胞结构清晰,铺展形态良好.多孔支架材料对细胞的吸附率随孔径的增大而增大.冷冻温度为-10℃时,支架的压缩强度为90.6 MPa,符合骨组织工程中支架材料的强度值要求.
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