用磷酸活化法制备木质素基活性炭,研究了浸渍比、磷酸浓度、活化温度、活化时间对其吸附性能和得率的影响.结果表明,随着浸渍比、磷酸浓度、活化温度、活化时间的增加,活性炭的碘吸附值和亚甲基蓝吸附值均先升后降.适当提高这4个数值有助于木质素形成较多的微孔,提高活性炭的吸附性能；但超过一定程度时,活性炭内部的部分微孔之间的孔壁变薄甚至被烧穿,造成微孔扩大至中孔甚至大孔.同时,磷酸与已生成的微孔结构的孔壁碳原子发生反应,引起炭材料过度烧蚀,使孔径变大,导致活性炭的吸附性能降低.这种活性炭对苯酚的吸附符合Freundlich等温吸附方程,吸附动力学符合Lagergren拟二级速率方程.
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