采用磁性碳纳米管(CNTs)、葡萄糖、炼焦酚渣为碳源,制得碳基固体酸催化剂.通过XRD、FTIR、13C NMR和SEM/TEM对其结构和活性基团进行表征,并且以经过预处理的微晶纤维素为纤维素模型物,以总还原糖得率为考察指标,利用制备的碳基固体酸非均相催化水解纤维素,比较了3种碳源制得的碳基固体酸在水解纤维素中的水解效率.研究结果表明,与传统原料葡萄糖制得的碳基固体酸相比,酚渣基固体酸碳环上除了含有酚羟基、羧基和磺酸基外,还含有其它碳基固体酸不具备的烷基侧链,这一结构优势对碳基固体酸催化剂的催化活性具有促进作用,能够提高碳基固体酸催化剂的水解效率;碳纳米管固体酸尽管具有致密的碳层结构、磺化后磺酸密度低,但高比表面积使其在非均相催化水解纤维素中表现出较高的活性.
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