采用金相显微镜、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、结合能谱(EDS)研究了Sn对镁阳极材料显微组织、相结构、表面形貌及成分分布的影响;并通过恒电流法、动电位极化法、排水集气法等研究了该镁合金的腐蚀行为和电性能.结果表明:合金元素Sn、Pb的加入可以抑制棒状β-Mg17Al12相沿晶界析出,合金晶粒尺寸均匀,随着Sn含量的增大,颗粒相Mg2Sn增多;均匀化处理使大部分β-Mg17Al12相溶解,而残留Mg2Sn和Mg2Pb未溶相;Sn的加入可以提高镁合金自腐蚀电位,降低析氢率,当Sn含量为2wt%时,镁合金阳极的放电电压和电流效率最大.由于镁合金的“负差数效应”使得析氢率随电流密度的增大而增大,当电流密度为10 mA/cm2时,电流效率最高,可达88%;腐蚀产物主要成分为Mg(OH)2、SnO2及MgSnO3,且疏松,易脱落,使镁合金阳极的工作电极电位负而且稳定,可促进电池反应深入进行.
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