研究了含孔天然苎麻纤维织物/异氰酸酯复合板在双轴向拉伸载荷下的力学行为.对0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0 mm 4种孔径板进行了单向和双轴向载荷拉伸试验,同时采用数字散斑相关方法对全场位移及孔径大小对应变的影响进行了表征.结果表明:当载荷线性变化时孔周围的位移场分布较为均匀;随着载荷接近破坏值,位移场呈非线性分布并出现高应变值点,破坏以极快的速度沿孔边在这些点首先发生.随着孔径的增大,在1000～2000 N双轴向载荷下孔周围相同面积内x、y方向正应变的平均值减小,应变值波动小但范围增大.材料在单向和双轴向拉伸时表现出不同的力学特征:双轴向载荷下失效强度要比单向拉伸时低,降低比例为14%～27%,且随着孔径的增加而增加.
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