采用基于DFT的第一性原理方法,研究Nb掺杂LiFePO4锂离子电池正极材料的电子结构,并进行能带结构、电子态密度、布居和差分电荷密度性质等分析.结果表明:Nb掺杂后体系结构稳定,带隙降低,由于Nbd轨道电子的作用,使费米面附近能带数增加,更有利于电子传递,使电子电导率增加,充放电速率提高;Li-O键键长明显变大,有利于Li离子的扩散.虽然掺杂量大,带隙下降多,但会影响Li离子的扩散,尤其是在Li位掺杂时.综合考虑掺杂量不需要太大.
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