以市售葵花籽油为原料，通过酯交换反应、尿素包合法等工艺分离提纯出亚油酸甘油酯，用作植物油中主要组分的标准物质，检测了菜籽油中含量较高的3种主要化学成分的理化与电气性能，研究了油脂不饱和度对其理化性能、电气性能和氧化安定性的影响。结果表明：油脂的饱和度越高，闪点越高；油脂的不饱和度越高，倾点越低，运动粘度越低；油脂的不饱和度越低，氧化安定性越好；植物油脂的相对介电常数高于矿物变压器油的相对介电常数。
A glyceryl linoleate was separated and purified by ester exchange reaction and urea adduct method from commercial sunflower seed oil. The glyceryl linoleate was used as the standard substance of main components of vegetable oils, and the physical-chemical and electrical properties of three main components of vegetable oils were tested, and the effects of unsaturated degree of the oils on their physi-cal-chemical properties, electrical properties and oxidation stability were studied. The results show that the higher the saturation degree of the oils, the higher the flash point is. The higher the unsaturated de-gree of the oils, the lower the pour point and kinematic viscosity are. The lower the unsaturated degree of the oils, the better the oxidation stability is. The relative dielectric constant of the vegetable oils is higher than that of the mineral transformer oil.
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