主要研究了不同金属改性活性炭对三氯甲烷和二氯甲烷吸附性能的影响.采用浸渍法将4种不同金属离子负载改性活性炭,测定了三氯甲烷和二氯甲烷在改性活性炭上的吸附透过曲线,应用软硬酸碱理论分析和讨论了活性炭表面负载不同金属离子对二氯甲烷吸附性能的影响.结果表明,不同金属负载活性炭对三氯甲烷和二氯甲烷的吸附能力依次为:Fe(Ⅲ)-AC＞Mg(Ⅱ)-AC＞Cu(Ⅱ)-AC＞AC＞Ag(I)-AC,根据软硬酸碱理论分类,三氯甲烷和二氯甲烷属于硬碱,当活性炭表面负载硬酸类金属离子Fe~(3+)、Mg~(2+),增大了活性炭表面的硬酸性,对三氯甲烷和二氯甲烷的吸附能力加强,Ag~+属于软酸,它的负载局部增强了活性炭表面的软酸性,降低了其对三氯甲烷和二氯甲烷的吸附能力.
The effects of metal ions loaded onto activated carbons on adsorption capability of dichloromethane/trichloromethane were investgated. Four kinds of metal ions loaded activated carbons were prepared by the impregnated method. Breakthrough curves for dichloromethane/ trichloromethane adsorption on modified activated carbons in a fixed bed were measured. The effects of metal ions loaded onto activated carbons on adsorption capability of dichloromethane/ trichloromethane was discussed with the help of the hard soft acid base principle. The results showed that the adsorption capability of the modified activated carbons for dichloromethane/ trichloromethane decreased in the order of Fe(III)-AC>Mg(H)-AC>Cu(II)-AC>AC>Ag(I)-AC. Based on the hard soft acid base principle, dichloromethane and trichloromethane are hard base. The loading of Fe~(3+) , Nig~(2+) enhanced the interaction between dichloromethane/ trichloromethane and the surfaces of modification activated carbons because Fe~(3+) ,Mg~(2+) are hard acid , and the loading of Ag~+ weakened the interaction between dichloromethane/trichloromethane and the Ag (I)/AC surfaces because Ag~+ is a soft acid.
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