采用真空热压烧结技术将平均晶粒尺寸约为52 nm的纳米铝粉末压制成铝纳米晶体材料.利用透射电镜、X射线能谱、X射线衍射、扫描电镜与综合物性测试仪(PPMS)等分析测试手段,表征了纳米铝粉和铝纳米晶体的结构特征,并研究了低温下铝纳米晶体的比热容(Cnano)随温度(T)的变化关系.研究结果表明:由于表面、晶界等缺陷的影响,铝纳米晶体的低温比热容随温度呈现出明显不同于粗晶的变化规律,其变化关系已不完全遵守德拜T3定律,且呈现出T2.5规律变化.根据纳米晶表面/界面和内部原子对晶格比热容的不同贡献,发现纳米晶相对于粗晶铝的比热容增量在温度80 K左右出现一个峰值.基于铝纳米晶体材料的结构特征和振动模式,本文探讨了产生这些现象的物理机理.
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