在B_4C预烧体中真空熔渗铝制备B_4C-Al复合材料,研究不同粒度配比对复合材料显微组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明:B_4C-Al复合材料主要由B_4C、Al、AlB_2和Al_3BC等相组成;随着细颗粒B_4C(d_(50)=1 μm)含量的增加,复合材料的HRA硬度逐渐降低,抗弯强度逐渐增大,断裂韧性先增大后稍微降低,当细颗粒B_4C含量为40%(质量分数)时,复合材料的气孔率、硬度HRA、抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别为1.08%、71.7、505.8 MPa和6.41 MPa·m~(1/2);延性铝的加入和细颗粒B_4C的增加是造成材料断裂韧性提高的主要原因;随着Al渗入量的增加,复合材料断口中金属撕裂棱及韧窝的比例增加.
B_4C-Al composites were prepared by infiltrating aluminum into porous B_4C preform in vacuum and the effect of B_4C particle size fraction on the microstructure and mechanical properties of composites were analyzed. The results showed that B_4C-Al composite is mainly composed of B_4C, Al, AlB_2 and Al_3BC. With increasing the fine particle B_4C (d_(50)=1 μm) content, the hardness decreases while the bending strength increases gradually, and the fracture toughness increases first and then decreases slightly. The B_4C-Al composite with 40 mass % fine particle B_4C shows the optimmum mechanical properties. The porosity, hardness HRA, bending strength and fracture toughness of the sample were 1.08 %, 71.7, 505.8 MPa and 6.41 MPa·m~(1/2), respectively. It was found that the toughening of the composites is mainly resulted from the addition of ductile aluminum and the increase of fine particle B_4C content. The tear ridge and dimple on the fracture surface in the B_4C-Al composite increase with increasing the infiltrated aluminum content showing inter/transgranular fracture mode.
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