热电材料的低维化可以改善材料电输运与热传输的矛盾,特别是一维纳米热电材料明显的晶体各向异性和强烈的量子禁闭效应,可大幅度提高材料的热电优值和热电转换效率.Bi2 Te3是制造低温热电材料的最常用材料,在温差发电和半导体制冷方面具有广阔的商业应用前景.以一维Bi2 Te3基纳米热电材料的制备技术为评述线索,重点论述一维Bi2 Te3基纳米热电材料形貌参数(包括直径、长径比)、晶面取向等微观结构的调控方法、生长机理以及显微结构对热电性能的影响规律.指出发展新的一维Bi2 Te3基纳米热电材料结构控制方法,研究一维纳米热电材料的定向排布及组装技术,从更深层次揭示一维结构与热电性能的关系,以及开发一维Bi2 Te3基纳米热电材料在各领域的实际应用是未来研究的发展方向.
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