依据有限元建模思想,采用高斯表面热源,同时考虑相变潜热与温度的关系,应用ABAQUS软件建立了Q235钢基体上激光重熔合成Fe-A1涂层的温度场和应力场计算模型,研究了激光功率和扫描速度对温度场和应力场的影响.结果表明,提高激光功率对增大热影响区深度效果不大,反而会形成较大的熔池而使重熔表面粗糙;与激光功率相比,扫描速度对温度场影响较小;涂层与基体合金化区沿着激光扫描方向的拉应力远大于垂直扫描方向的拉应力;结合界面处的残余应力与扫描速度成正比,与激光功率成反比,且扫描速度对残余应力的影响较激光功率显著.实验结果较好地验证了模拟结果,表明所建立的温度场和应力场计算模型是正确和可靠的.
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