载流条件下材料的摩擦磨损行为探究对于铜合金架空导线、电极电刷以及继电器触头等的实际使用具有重要意义。在自制摩擦磨损试验机上，以黄铜为对磨材料，对真空感应熔炼制备的Cu-4Ag-0.8Cr合金导线进行载流摩擦磨损试验。采用电子天平、扫描电子显微镜等对合金载流磨损率、磨损表面形貌及载流磨损机理予以分析。结果表明，电流在0~6 A范围内，随着电流的增加，合金导线的磨损率和温度均在增大。随着时间的延长，接触电阻由较大的初始值迅速降低，而后围绕一个中值上下波动。Cu-4Ag-0.8Cr合金导线在载流条件下的主要磨损形式为磨粒磨损、粘着磨损以及电侵蚀磨损。
Research on the friction and wear behavior under electrical current has important significance for the actual using of copper alloy overhead wires, electrodes and brush, relay contacts, etc. Friction and wear test was conducted on Cu-4Ag-0.8Cr alloy conductor fabricated by vacuum induction melting technology against brass block using a self-made friction and wear equipment. The electrical sliding wear rate, worn surface morphology and wear mechanism of the alloy were investigated by electronic balance and scanning electron microscope. The results indicate that in the range of 0~6 A, with the current increasing, the wear rate and the temperature of the alloy increase gradually. With the time prolongation, the contact resistance decreases rapidly from the initial high value, then fluctuates around a mid-value. The abrasive wearing, adhesive wearing and arc erosion wearing would be the main wearing mode of the Cu-4Ag-0.8Cr alloy conductor under currents.
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