Electroless NiP coating has stochastic nonlinear structure, which was in far from equilibrium and instability state. Fractal theory, an effective method for resolving nonlinear system, was introduced to describe the coating structure quantitatively. Disorker and self-similarity characteristics, which are the two basic features of fractal, were explained in this paper for the first time. The results show that amorphous NiP structure exhibits scale invariance and can be quantitatively characterized by fractal dimension. Based on the fractal principle, a two-dimensional computer simulation on electroless NiP deposition was carried out and it is in agreement with the experimental result. Finally, the fractal dynamics and process of atom growth were investigated. The results show that the atom deposition is reaction-limited growth process.
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