二硼化锆是一种很具潜力的超高温陶瓷材料.通过干法纺丝手段可以得到具有一定优良性能的二硼化锆纤维:以二硼化锆陶瓷制备中的液相前驱体转化技术为依据,采用八水合氧氯化锆、硼酸、蔗糖和柠檬酸为原料,并利用聚乙烯醇为纺丝助剂,制得二硼化锆前驱体纺丝液,然后利用干法纺丝制得前驱体纤维,通过高温烧结制得二硼化锆陶瓷纤维.仪器分析结果如下:通过同步热分析仪(TG-DSC)分析前驱体纤维在100℃～1400℃的失重情况,发现二硼化锆纤维在1200℃左右生成;采用X射线衍射(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS),发现陶瓷纤维中二硼化锆晶形完整且含量较高;通过陶瓷纤维的X射线能谱分析(EDS)及元素分析(EA),发现纤维产物的纯度也较高;另外,扫描电镜(SEM)、单丝强度测试和热失重(TG)分析结果表明:干法纺丝制得的陶瓷纤维表面光滑,强度较好,具有一定的耐高温性.
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