综述了丝纤维蛋白的组成、结构、形成和机械性能,以及仿生丝纤维蛋白的合成研究及主要应用前景.各种天然的丝纤维蛋白如家蚕丝蛋白和蜘蛛丝蛋白可作为仿生模型,对它们的结构和功能的不断研究可能设计制造出在性能上接近或超过天然丝纤维蛋白的性能优异的新材料.蜘蛛丝具有其它纤维无法比拟的性能特征,如它同时具有强度、可延伸性、生物可降解性和自修补能力,这些特点使得像蜘蛛丝一样的纤维在许多领域具有广阔的应用前景.
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