运用室温溶胶-凝胶技术和热处理工艺,在载玻片上制备了铝离子掺杂的ZnO薄膜.采用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对薄膜的成分、结构和形貌进行了表征;采用紫外-可见光分光光度计对薄膜的透光性能进行了研究.结果表明,所制备的氧化锌薄膜为六方纤锌矿结构,沿C轴方向择优生长;铝离子的掺杂没有改变氧化锌的基本结构,所掺杂的铝离子为取代锌离子的替位掺杂;热处理后,氧化锌颗粒为六角形针(柱)状形貌;随着热处理温度的升高,薄膜的透光率增大;经600℃热处理后随着铝离子掺杂浓度的增加,薄膜的透光率先增大后减小,当铝离子掺杂浓度为2%时透光率最大;当铝离子掺杂浓度较大时,晶格畸变的影响使薄膜的透光率减小.当溶胶浓度为0.6mol/L、铝离子掺杂浓度为2%和热处理温度为600℃时,所制备薄膜的质量和性能最好.
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