研究了表面活性剂对二氧化硅溶胶粘度和稳定性的影响.在二氧化硅溶胶中添加不同表面活性剂,测定了该混合体系的粘度变化和稳定性,结果表明阴离子表面活性剂可以降低硅溶胶的粘度,其CMC大约在4.6×10~(-3) mol/L左右,阴离子表面活性剂可以提高硅溶胶稳定性,极值为1.43×10~(-3) mol/L.表面活性剂SDBS对溶胶粘度的影响与其在溶胶颗粒上的包覆有关,SDBS对溶胶的稳定作用是由于SDBS胶束的形成,溶胶颗粒对SDBS的吸附会降低溶胶的稳定性.阴离子和非离子表面活性剂能提高二氧化硅溶胶稳定性,而阳离子表面活性剂会降低溶胶稳定性.
Effect of surfactants on viscosity and stability of silica colloids was investigated. Different surfactants were directly added and then viscosity changes and stablity were determined. It showed the viscosity reduced after anionic surfactant added, the CMC of surfacant is about 4.6×10~(-3) mol/L, the stablity increased reversly, the extremum is about 1.43×10~(-3) mol/L. It was speculated that the viscosity reduction was relied on the covering process of SDBS on the colloids particles, but stablity mainly because of formation of micelle and absorption of SDBS was disadvantageous. The stablity could be increased by addition of anionic and nonionic surfactant, but reduced by cationic surfactant.
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