本文用阴极选择方向充氢法研究了261超纯铁素体不锈钢和300M低合金超高强度钢冷轧板材的织构与氢脆方向性的关系。用冲击试验衡量脆性,用倒极图法测定板材三个方向的织构,用扫描电镜观察表面和断口形貌。结果证实冷轧板材的氢脆有明显的方向性,平行轧向的方向,充氢敏感性最强;垂直轧向的方向,充氢敏感性最弱。 利用氢的位错短路通道扩散模型解释氢脆的方向性,得到了满意的结果。以的织构系数表示某方向上的位错线露头分布份数,则在位错密度相等条件下,〔P〕_E值与冲击值损失率成直线关系。因此取向集中在〈110〉,〈211〉和〈321〉方向的织构,氢脆更敏感。〔P〕_E值是氢脆控制因素之一。
The effect of texture on the hydrogen embrittlement directivity of cold-rolled sheets of EB26-1 high purity ferrite stainless steel and 300M super high strength steel was studied. The embrittlement was evaluated by the impact tests. The directional properties of texture in specimens were examined by inverse-pole-figure method. And the morphology of surface and fracture of impact specimens was observed by SEM. It was found that the hydrogen embrittlement of cold-rolled sheet is markedly directional. The susceptibility in charged parallel to the rolled direction of sheet is the highest, while in perpendicular, is the lowest. The directivity of hydrogen embrittlement may be satisfactorily interpreted by the model of dislocation short-circuiting-diffusion paths of hydrogen. Let the texture parameter, [P]_E=P_(110) +P_(211)+1/2(P_(110)+P_(321)), denote the distributive probability of dislocation lines normal to the surface. [P]_E seems to be closely related to the susceptibility of hydrogen embrittlement under condition of equal dislocation density. It has been confirmed by the experimental results of 300M steel sheet. Thus, the value [P]_E is one of the controlling factrs for hydrogen embrittlement.
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