本文采用慢拉伸、扫描电镜和离子探针等综合研究了30CrMnSiNi2A超高强度钢中拉伸白点的形成过程。结果表明:拉伸白点是钢在形变过程中形成的氢损伤,并对应一定的临界形变量ε_0~c。在等氢含量([H]=5.0cm~3/100g)和等应变速率(ε=3×10~(-5)/s)下,回火马氏体组织的ε_0~c=4.0％,下贝氏体组织的ε_0~c=5.0％。拉伸白点显微特征是氢脆的准解理断裂形态,白点表面的氢含量比基体的高。
The process of tensile flake formation in super strength steel 30CrMnSiNi2A under tensile elongation at low strain rate was studied by SEM and IMMA. It is shown that the formation of tensile flake is from the dislocation transportation deduced hydrogen damage but not from the diffusion of hydrogen. The critical deformation, ε_o~c, forming tensile flake of tempered martensite or lower bainite of the steel is about 4.0 or 5.0% respectively under the same hydrogen content 5.0 cm~3/100g and same strain rate 3×10~(-5)/s. The microfeature of tensile flake is a fracture mode of quasi-cleavage with hydrogen tearing trace. A higher hydrogen content on the fracture surface of tensile flake than that of the matrix is indicated by IMMA.
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