采用连续固定床反应器,考察了几种具有不同酸性和孔道尺寸的分子筛催化剂上丁烯-2齐聚反应的性能,并与固体磷酸(SPA)催化剂进行了对比. 结果表明,分子筛催化剂的酸性和孔道尺寸是影响丁烯-2齐聚反应活性和选择性的重要因素. 具有八元环孔道的分子筛的扩散阻力大,反应活性很低; 十二元环分子筛的孔道降低了扩散阻力,有利于提高催化剂的低温活性和C=9+选择性; 十元环分子筛的孔道尺寸和强酸中心可以提高催化剂的活性,促进C=9+生成. SPA催化剂上C=9+选择性低于30%, 而具有强酸中心的十元环ZSM-5和ZSM-22分子筛,以及十二元环β分子筛催化剂上可高达50%以上,这说明分子筛催化剂具有更好的齐聚催化性能.
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