银基电接触材料具有优异的导电性和导热性，接触电阻低而稳定，加工性能优良，耐电弧熔焊和烧蚀，是低压电器、汽车电器和家用电器中广泛使用的电工材料。在银及银合金材料中添加稀土元素，可以抑制材料的自然时效和软化过程，提高材料的抗熔焊性、耐电弧烧蚀性、抗氧化能力以及力学性能，并且能够防止显微组织的长大，克服金属的迁移。阐述了稀土元素在银基电接触材料中的工作机制，以及银稀土新材料的应用情况。
Silver-based electrical contact materials with excellent electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, low and stable contact resistance, excellent processing performance, resistance to arc welding and ablation, are widely used in low-voltage electrical appliances, automobile electronics and household electrical appliances. Adding rare earth elements to silver and silver alloy can inhibit the natural aging process and softening process, improve welding resistance, arc erosion resistance, oxidation resistance and mechanical properties, and prevent the growing of the grains and overcome the metal migration. In present study, the working mechanism of rare earth elements in silver-based electrical contact material and the application of new Ag-RE materials are discussed.
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