聚羧酸高效减水剂的作用机理为静电斥力和空间位阻效应,其中以空间位阻效应为主.根据高聚物在固/液界面吸附行为,探讨以吸附层厚度和吸附构象作为主要参数来表征和研究聚羧酸减水剂吸附在水泥颗粒表面引起的空间位阻效应；讨论了X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、俄歇电子能谱(AES)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、光子相关光谱(PCS)、单分子力谱(SMFS)、流体力学、椭圆偏振、Monte Carlo模拟等方法在表征减水剂空间位阻的可行性、相关研究成果及其局限性,展望了聚羧酸减水剂空间位阻效应的研究前景.
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