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采用半连续种子乳液聚合法，反应型乳化剂烯丙氧基羟丙磺酸钠(HAPS)、烯丙氧基壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵(DNS-86)、烯丙氧基壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚(ANPEO10)、烯丙氧基壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚单磷酸(ANPEO10-P1)单独及复配使用，以丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、苯乙烯(St)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)为单体合成了丙烯酸酯无皂乳液。研究了反应型乳化剂种类和用量对乳液性能的影响，用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)表征了乳液的化学结构。用合成的丙烯酸酯无皂乳液与市售的丙烯酸乳液分别制备了膨胀型水性防火涂料并通过耐水性试验和锥形量热仪试验对比了其耐水性和防火性能。结果表明，单独使用DNS-86时乳液的各项性能(如化学稳定性、热稳定性、贮存稳定性等)最好。DNS-86的含量为2.5%~3.0%时，乳液综合性能良好：固含量及单体转化率最大，乳胶粒子平均粒径和分散指数最小，且其聚合物膜与水的接触角最小。用自制丙烯酸酯无皂乳液制备的膨胀型水性防火涂料的性能明显优于用市售丙烯酸乳液制备的膨胀型水性防火涂料。

A soap-free acrylate emulsion was prepared by semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization using butyl acrylate (BA), styrene (St), and methyl methacrylate (MMA) as monomers and sodium allyloxy hydroxy propanesulfonate (HAPS), ammonium allyloxy nonylphenol polyoxyethylene(10) ether sulfate (DNS-86), allyloxy nonylphenoxy poly(ethyleneoxy) (10) ether (ANPEO10), or allyloxy nonylphenoxy poly(ethyleneoxy) (10) ether monophosphoric acid (ANPEO10-P1) or the mixture of them as reactive emulsifier. The effects of type and amount of reactive emulsifier on properties of emulsion were analyzed. The chemical structure of the emulsion was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The water resistance and flame retardance of the inflating water-based fire-retardant coatings prepared by presented acrylate soap-free emulsion and commercial acrylic emulsion were compared through water resistance test and cone calorimetry. The results showed that the emulsion has the best chemical, thermal, and storage stabilities when only DNS-86 is used. The comprehensive performance of the emulsion obtained with 2.5%-3.0%DNS-86 is optimal:the largest solid content and monomer conversion, while the smallest average particle size, polydispersity index, and water contact angle of the film obtained therefrom. The performances of inflating water-based fire-retardant coating prepared by the home-made soap-free acrylate emulsion are apparently superior to that obtained by the commercial acrylic emulsion.