为了提高和改善铀合金材料的抗氢蚀性能,必须深入了解其氢蚀机理及影响因素.利用带显微镜的气固反应系统,采用PVT法结合显微镜原位表征铀材及其合金氢蚀初期形貌和动力学特征,研究了合金元素、热处理方式以及晶界对铀合金材料氢蚀的影响.结果显示,U-2.5%Nb合金更易发生氢蚀,孕育期短,反应速度快;U材与U-2.5%Nb合金氢蚀初期成核形貌不同,U材氢化物核点尺寸明显分为大小2种,U-2.5%Nb氢化物核点尺寸较为一致;热处理形式显著影响U-2.5%Nb合金氢蚀孕育期大小;对于铀合金的氢蚀,晶界并不是成核的优先选择,氢化物在表面尖角处和粗糙处优先成核.
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